Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications is affiliated with The Psychonomic Society
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Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:74
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Speaking with a KN95 face mask: a within-subjects study on speaker adaptation and strategies to improve intelligibility
Mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a growing interest in the functional impact of masks on speech and communication. Prior work has shown that masks dampen sound, impede visual communicatio...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:73 -
Different routes to liking: how readers arrive at narrative evaluations
When two people read the same story, they might both end up liking it very much. However, this does not necessarily mean that their reasons for liking it were identical. We therefore ask what factors contribut...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:72 -
Effects of individual and dyadic decision-making and normative reference on delay discounting decisions
The tendency to devaluate delayed rewards, a phenomenon referred to as ‘discounting behaviour’, has been studied by wide-ranging research examining individuals choosing between sooner but smaller or later but ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:71 -
Algorithm-based advice taking and clinical judgement: impact of advice distance and algorithm information
Evidence-based algorithms can improve both lay and professional judgements and decisions, yet they remain underutilised. Research on advice taking established that humans tend to discount advice—especially whe...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:70 -
Task-unrelated thought increases after consumption of COVID-19 and general news
Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) are frequent distractions from our everyday tasks, which can reduce productivity and safety during task performance. This necessitates the examination of factors that modulate TU...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:69 -
Making decisions about health information on social media: a mouse-tracking study
Health misinformation is a problem on social media, and more understanding is needed about how users cognitively process it. In this study, participants’ accuracy in determining whether 60 health claims were t...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:68 -
Perception of direct gaze in a video-conference setting: the effects of position and size
A common problem in video conferences is gaze direction. In face-to-face communication, it is common that speaker and listener intermittently look at each other. In a video-conference setting, where multiple p...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:67 -
Motor speed does not impact the drift rate: a computational HDDM approach to differentiate cognitive and motor speed
The drift diffusion model (DDM) is a widely applied computational model of decision making that allows differentiation between latent cognitive and residual processes. One main assumption of the DDM that has u...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:66 -
Toward a more comprehensive modeling of sequential lineups
Sequential lineups are one of the most commonly used procedures in police departments across the USA. Although this procedure has been the target of much experimental research, there has been comparatively lit...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:65 -
How does face mask in COVID-19 pandemic disrupt face learning and recognition in adults with autism spectrum disorder?
Use of face masks is one of the measures adopted by the general community to stop the transmission of disease during this ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This wide use of face masks has indeed been shown to disrupt...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:64 -
Surgical face masks do not impair the decoding of facial expressions of negative affect more severely in older than in younger adults
Surgical face masks reduce the spread of airborne pathogens but also disturb the flow of information between individuals. The risk of getting seriously ill after infection with SARS-COV-2 during the present CO...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:63 -
Even affective changes induced by the global health crisis are insufficient to perturb the hyper-stability of visual long-term memory
Past studies of emotion and mood on memory have mostly focused on the learning of emotional material in the laboratory or on the consequences of a punctate catastrophic event. However, the influence of a long-...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:62 -
Framing cognitive offloading in terms of gains or losses: achieving a more optimal use of reminders
Nowadays individuals can readily set reminders to offload intentions onto external resources, such as smartphone alerts, rather than using internal memory. Individuals tend to be biased, setting more reminders...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:61 -
Statistical feature training improves fingerprint-matching accuracy in novices and professional fingerprint examiners
Forensic science practitioners compare visual evidence samples (e.g. fingerprints) and decide if they originate from the same person or different people (i.e. fingerprint ‘matching’). These tasks are perceptua...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:60 -
Transparent masks reduce the negative impact of opaque masks on understanding emotional states but not on sharing them
While face masks provide necessary protection against disease spread, they occlude the lower face parts (chin, mouth, nose) and consequently impair the ability to accurately perceive facial emotions. Here we e...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:59 -
Syntactic chunking reveals a core syntactic representation of multi-digit numbers, which is generative and automatic
Representing the base-10 structure of numbers is a challenging cognitive ability, unique to humans, but it is yet unknown how precisely this is done. Here, we examined whether and how literate adults represent...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:58 -
The effects of face coverings, own-ethnicity biases, and attitudes on emotion recognition
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, face coverings were introduced as a safety measure in certain environments in England and some research suggests that they can affect emotion recognition. Factors such as ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:57 -
Conscientiousness protects visual search performance from the impact of fatigue
Visual search—looking for targets among distractors—underlies many critical professions (e.g., radiology, aviation security) that demand optimal performance. As such, it is important to identify, understand, a...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:56 -
Simulated viewing distance impairs the confidence–accuracy relationship for long, but not moderate distances: support for a model incorporating the role of feature ambiguity
There is an increasing need in eyewitness identification research to identify factors that not only influence identification accuracy but may also impact the confidence–accuracy (CA) relationship. One such var...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:55 -
Individual differences in social intelligence and perception of emotion expression of masked and unmasked faces
Facial expressions provide key information for successful social interactions. Recent research finds that accurate perception of emotion expressions decreases when faces are presented with face masks. What is ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:54 -
How sign language expertise can influence the effects of face masks on non-linguistic characteristics
Face masks occlude parts of the face which hinders social communication and emotion recognition. Since sign language users are known to process facial information not only perceptually but also linguistically,...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:53 -
How well do practicing radiologists interpret the results of CAD technology? A quantitative characterization
Many studies have shown that using a computer-aided detection (CAD) system does not significantly improve diagnostic accuracy in radiology, possibly because radiologists fail to interpret the CAD results prope...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:52 -
Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: does describing the criminal help or hinder?
The world population is getting older and, as a result, the number of older victims of crime is expected to increase. It is therefore essential to understand how ageing affects eyewitness identification, so pr...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:51 -
Habit-like attentional bias is unlike goal-driven attentional bias against spatial updating
Statistical knowledge of a target’s location may benefit visual search, and rapidly understanding the changes in regularity would increase the adaptability in visual search situations where fast and accurate p...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:50 -
Two face masks are better than one: congruency effects in face matching
Although the positive effects of congruency between stimuli are well replicated in face memory paradigms, mixed findings have been found in face matching. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, face masks are n...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:49 -
Impact of active and latent concerns about COVID-19 on attention
The interactions between emotion and attention are complex due to the multifaceted nature of attention. Adding to this complexity, the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the emotional landscape, broadly heightening...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:48 -
The effects of testing the relationships among relational concepts
Many concepts are defined by their relationships to one another. However, instructors might teach these concepts individually, neglecting their interconnections. For instance, students learning about statistic...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:47 -
Effects of experience on recognition of speech produced with a face mask
Over the past two years, face masks have been a critical tool for preventing the spread of COVID-19. While previous studies have examined the effects of masks on speech recognition, much of this work was condu...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:46 -
The influence of familiarity on memory for faces and mask wearing
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the wearing of face masks became mandatory in public areas or at workplaces in many countries. While offering protection, the coverage of large parts of our face (nose, mouth and ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:45 -
Change blindness in simulated driving in individuals with homonymous visual field loss
Individuals with homonymous visual field loss (HVFL) fail to perceive visual information that falls within the blind portions of their visual field. This places additional burden on memory to represent informa...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:44 -
Correction: Self-protecting motivation, indexed by self-threat, modifies retrieval-induced-forgetting and confidence in employment decision bias against out-group targets
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:43 -
Visual communication via the design of food and beverage packaging
A rapidly growing body of empirical research has recently started to emerge highlighting the connotative and/or semiotic meanings that consumers typically associate with specific abstract visual design feature...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:42 -
How history trails and set size influence detection of hostile intentions
Previous research suggests people struggle to detect a series of movements that might imply hostile intentions of a vessel, yet this ability is crucial in many real world Naval scenarios. To investigate possib...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:41 -
Tactile information affects alternating visual percepts during binocular rivalry using naturalistic objects
Past studies have provided evidence that the effects of tactile stimulation on binocular rivalry are mediated by primitive features (orientation and spatial frequency) common in vision and touch. In this study...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:40 -
Non-monotonic developmental trend of holistic processing in visual expertise: the case of Chinese character recognition
Holistic processing has been identified as an expertise marker of face and object recognition. By contrast, reduced holistic processing is purportedly an expertise marker in recognising orthographic characters...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:39 -
Icon arrays reduce concern over COVID-19 vaccine side effects: a randomized control study
On April 13, 2021, the CDC announced that the administration of Johnson and Johnson’s COVID-19 vaccine would be paused due to a rare blood clotting side effect in ~ 0.0001% of people given the vaccine. Most pe...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:38 -
Prior experience with target encounter affects attention allocation and prospective memory performance
We examined how prior experience encountering targets affected attention allocation and event-based prospective memory. Participants performed four color match task blocks with a difficult, but specified prosp...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:37 -
Target-rate effect in continuous visual search
From infrared body temperature surveillance to lifeguarding, real-life visual search is usually continuous and comes with rare targets. Previous research has examined realistic search tasks involving separate ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:36 -
PTSD is associated with impaired event processing and memory for everyday events
Current theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) propose that memory abnormalities are central to the development and persistence of symptoms. While the most notable memory disturbances in PTSD involve...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:35 -
The contribution of latent factors of executive functioning to mind wandering: an experience sampling study
Accumulating evidence suggests that individuals with greater executive resources spend less time mind wandering. Independent strands of research further suggest that this association depends on concentration a...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:34 -
Masked emotions: Do face mask patterns and colors affect the recognition of emotions?
Previous research has shown that face masks impair the ability to perceive social information and the readability of emotions. These studies mostly explored the effect of standard medical, often white, masks o...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:33 -
Impact of mask use on face recognition: an eye-tracking study
We examined how mask use affects performance and eye movements in face recognition and whether strategy change reflected in eye movements is associated with performance change. Eighty-eight participants perfor...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:32 -
More than skin deep: about the influence of self-relevant avatars on inhibitory control
One important aspect of cognitive control is the ability to stop a response in progress and motivational aspects, such as self-relevance, which may be able to influence this ability. We test the influence of s...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:31 -
Masked face identification is improved by diagnostic feature training
To slow the spread of COVID-19, many people now wear face masks in public. Face masks impair our ability to identify faces, which can cause problems for professional staff who identify offenders or members of ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:30 -
That person is now with or without a mask: how encoding context modulates identity recognition
Previous research has mostly approached face recognition and target identification by focusing on face perception mechanisms, but memory mechanisms also appear to play a role. Here, we examined how the presenc...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:29 -
A three-factor benefits framework for understanding consumer preference for scented household products: psychological interactions and implications for future development
Humans have deliberately scented their environment for purpose or pleasure for millennia. In the contemporary marketplace most consumers prefer and purchase scented versions of common household products. Howev...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:28 -
Improving face identification of mask-wearing individuals
Research has consistently shown that concealing facial features can hinder subsequent identification. The widespread adoption of face masks due to the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical and urgent ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:27 -
Interpolated testing and content pretesting as interventions to reduce task-unrelated thoughts during a video lecture
Considerable research has examined the prevalence and apparent consequences of task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) in both laboratory and authentic educational settings. Few studies, however, have explored methods ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:26 -
Communication with face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic for adults with hearing loss
Face masks have become common protective measures in community and workplace environments to help reduce the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Face masks can mak...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:24
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