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Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
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  1. Standard cognitive psychology research practices can introduce inadvertent sampling biases that reduce the reliability and generalizability of the findings. Researchers commonly acknowledge and understand that...

    Authors: Emma M. Siritzky, Patrick H. Cox, Sydni M. Nadler, Justin N. Grady, Dwight J. Kravitz and Stephen R. Mitroff
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:66
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  2. Previous work on indices of error-monitoring strongly supports that errors are distracting and can deplete attentional resources. In this study, we use an ecologically valid multitasking paradigm to test post-...

    Authors: Christina M. Lewis and Robert S. Gutzwiller
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:65
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  3. We apply a motivational perspective to understand the implications of physicians’ longitudinal assessment. We review the literature on situated expectancy-value theory, achievement goals, mindsets, anxiety, an...

    Authors: Timothy J. Nokes-Malach, Scott H. Fraundorf, Zachary A. Caddick and Benjamin M. Rottman
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:64
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  4. When a highly salient distractor is present in a search array, it speeds target absent visual search and increases errors during target present visual search, suggesting lowered quitting thresholds (Moher in P...

    Authors: Rebecca K. Lawrence, B. A. Cochrane, A. Eidels, Z. Howard, L. Lui and J. Pratt
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:63
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  5. The present study examined whether scaling direction and perceptual modality affect children’s spatial scaling. Children aged 6–8 years (N = 201) were assigned to a visual, visuo-haptic, and haptic condition in w...

    Authors: Wenke Möhring and Magdalena Szubielska
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:62
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. Driving at an inappropriate speed is a major accident cause in the EU. Understanding the underlying sensory mechanisms can help to reduce speed and increase traffic safety. The present study investigated the e...

    Authors: Anna-Lena Köhler, Maren Klatt, Iring Koch and Stefan Ladwig
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:59
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  9. Highly-automated technologies are increasingly incorporated into existing systems, for instance in advanced car models. Although highly automated modes permit non-driving activities (e.g. internet browsing), d...

    Authors: Anthony M. Harris, Joshua O. Eayrs and Nilli Lavie
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:56
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  10. Is self-assessment enough to keep physicians’ cognitive skills—such as diagnosis, treatment, basic biological knowledge, and communicative skills—current? We review the cognitive strengths and weaknesses of se...

    Authors: Scott H. Fraundorf, Zachary A. Caddick, Timothy J. Nokes-Malach and Benjamin M. Rottman
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:58
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  11. Each day people make decisions about complex topics such as health and personal finances. Causal models of these domains have been created to aid decisions, but the resulting models are often complex and it is...

    Authors: Samantha Kleinberg and Jessecae K. Marsh
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:57
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. A commonplace sight is seeing other people walk. Our visual system specializes in processing such actions. Notably, we are not only quick to recognize actions, but also quick to judge how elegantly (or not) pe...

    Authors: Yi-Chia Chen, Frank Pollick and Hongjing Lu
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:55
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  13. How do the limits of high-level visual processing affect human performance in naturalistic, dynamic settings of (multimodal) interaction where observers can draw on experience to strategically adapt attention ...

    Authors: Vasiliki Kondyli, Mehul Bhatt, Daniel Levin and Jakob Suchan
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:54
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  14. Although tests and assessments—such as those used to maintain a physician’s Board certification—are often viewed merely as tools for decision-making about one’s performance level, strong evidence now indicates...

    Authors: Scott H. Fraundorf, Zachary A. Caddick, Timothy J. Nokes-Malach and Benjamin M. Rottman
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:53
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  15. In many real-life contexts, observers are required to search for targets that are rarely present (e.g. tumours in X-rays; dangerous items in airport security screenings). Despite the rarity of these items, the...

    Authors: Veronica Hadjipanayi, Casimir J. H. Ludwig and Christopher Kent
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:52
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  16. Visuospatial processing speed underlies several cognitive functions critical for successful completion of everyday tasks, including driving and walking. While it is widely accepted that visuospatial processing...

    Authors: Courtney Aul, Julia M. Brau, Alexander Sugarman, Joseph M. DeGutis, Laura T. Germine, Michael Esterman, Regina E. McGlinchey and Francesca C. Fortenbaugh
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:51
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  17. When learning an environment from virtual navigation people gain knowledge about landmarks, their locations, and the paths that connect them. The present study newly aimed to investigate all these domains of k...

    Authors: Veronica Muffato, Laura Miola, Marilina Pellegrini, Francesca Pazzaglia and Chiara Meneghetti
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:50
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  18. Misinformation affects various aspects of people’s lives, such as politics, entertainment, and social interactions. However, effective intervention measures to combat misinformation are lacking. The inoculatio...

    Authors: Bo Hu, Xing-Da Ju, Huan-Huan Liu, Han-Qian Wu, Chao Bi and Chang Lu
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:49
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  19. External representations powerfully support and augment complex human behavior. When navigating, people often consult external representations to help them find the way to go, but do maps or verbal instruction...

    Authors: Allison J. Jaeger, Steven M. Weisberg, Alina Nazareth and Nora S. Newcombe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:48
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  20. Over the course of training, physicians develop significant knowledge and expertise. We review dual-process theory, the dominant theory in explaining medical decision making: physicians use both heuristics fro...

    Authors: Zachary A. Caddick, Scott H. Fraundorf, Benjamin M. Rottman and Timothy J. Nokes-Malach
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:47
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  21. Until recently, physicians in the USA who were board-certified in a specialty needed to take a summative test every 6–10 years. However, the 24 Member Boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties are in...

    Authors: Benjamin M. Rottman, Zachary A. Caddick, Timothy J. Nokes-Malach and Scott H. Fraundorf
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:46
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  22. The present study examined adults’ understanding of children’s early word learning. Undergraduates, non-parents, parents, and Speech-Language Pathologists (N = 535, 74% female, 56% White) completed a survey with ...

    Authors: Melina L. Knabe, Christina C. Schonberg and Haley A. Vlach
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:45
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  23. Across four studies, we examined the how design decisions influenced the effectiveness of fact-checking articles created by CrossCheck France during the 2017 French election. We measured both memory for the ar...

    Authors: Lisa K. Fazio, Min Kyung Hong and Raunak M. Pillai
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:44
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  24. Considerable research suggests a link between mind wandering and diminished levels of motivation and interest. During episodes of mind wandering, individuals may engage in efforts to redirect their attention b...

    Authors: Hong He, Yunyun Chen, Ting Li, Hui Li and Xuemin Zhang
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:43
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  25. With the recent proliferation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models capable of mimicking human artworks, AI creations might soon replace products of human creativity, although skeptics argue that thi...

    Authors: Lucas Bellaiche, Rohin Shahi, Martin Harry Turpin, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Shawn Sprockett, Nathaniel Barr, Alexander Christensen and Paul Seli
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:42
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  26. Sensory substitution devices (SSDs) facilitate the detection of environmental information through enhancement of touch and/or hearing capabilities. Research has demonstrated that several tasks can be successfu...

    Authors: Carlos de Paz and David Travieso
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:41
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  27. The FedEx logo makes clever use of figure-ground ambiguity to create an “invisible” arrow in the background space between “E” and “x”. Most designers believe the hidden arrow can convey an unconscious impressi...

    Authors: Shih-Chiang Ke, Ankit Gupta, Yu-Hui Lo, Chih-Chung Ting and Philip Tseng
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:40
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. Corrections are a frequently used and effective tool for countering misinformation. However, concerns have been raised that corrections may introduce false claims to new audiences when the misinformation is no...

    Authors: Toby Prike, Phoebe Blackley, Briony Swire-Thompson and Ullrich K. H. Ecker
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:39
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  29. In visual communication, people glean insights about patterns of data by observing visual representations of datasets. Colormap data visualizations (“colormaps”) show patterns in datasets by mapping variations...

    Authors: Alexis Soto, Melissa A. Schoenlein and Karen B. Schloss
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  30. Fact-checkers want people to both read and remember their misinformation debunks. Retrieval practice is one way to increase memory, thus multiple-choice quizzes may be a useful tool for fact-checkers. We teste...

    Authors: Jessica R. Collier, Raunak M. Pillai and Lisa K. Fazio
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:37
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. Authors: Mario J. Baldassari, Kara N. Moore, Ira E. Hyman Jr, Lorraine Hope, Eric Y. Mah, D. Stephen Lindsay, Jamal Mansour, Renan Saraiva, Ruth Horry, Hannah Rath, Lauren Kelly, Rosie Jones, Shannan Vale, Bethany Lawson, Josh Pedretti, Tomás A. Palma…
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:35
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:16

  35. In the present study, we tested a visual feedback triggering system based on real-time tracking of response time (RT) in a sustained attention task. In our task, at certain points, brief visual feedback epochs...

    Authors: Ashley C. Steinkrauss, Anjum F. Shaikh, Erin O’Brien Powers and Jeff Moher
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:32
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  36. We investigated whether increased perceptual processing difficulty during reading or listening to a Sherlock Holmes novella impacts mind wandering as well as text comprehension. We presented 175 participants w...

    Authors: Lena Steindorf, Sebastian Pink, Jan Rummel and Jonathan Smallwood
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:31
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  38. Acting upon target stimuli from the environment becomes faster when the targets are preceded by a warning (alerting) cue. Accordingly, alerting is often used to support action in safety-critical contexts (e.g....

    Authors: Niklas Dietze, Lukas Recker and Christian H. Poth
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:29
    Content type: Original article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:12

  39. The aim of the present research was to develop and test the efficacy of a novel online contingent attention training (i.e., OCAT) to modify attention and interpretation biases, improve emotion regulation, and ...

    Authors: Ivan Blanco, Teresa Boemo, Oscar Martin-Garcia, Ernst H. W. Koster, Rudi De Raedt and Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  40. How people conceptualize learning is related to real-world educational consequences across many domains of education. Despite its centrality to the educational system, we know little about how the public reaso...

    Authors: Xin Sun, Shaylene E. Nancekivell, Priti Shah and Susan A. Gelman
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:27
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  41. People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often report difficulty remembering information in their everyday lives. Recent findings suggest that such difficulties may be due to PTSD-related deficits in ...

    Authors: Barbara L. Pitts, Michelle L. Eisenberg, Heather R. Bailey and Jeffrey M. Zacks
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:26
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  42. Placebo and nocebo effects could influence the perceived, actual, or both postural stabilities. Therefore, this experiment examined whether postural stability is susceptible to placebo and nocebo effects. Driv...

    Authors: Áron Horváth, Attila Szabo, Vera Gál, Csilla Suhaj, Blanka Aranyosy and Ferenc Köteles
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:25
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. Healthcare professionals’ statistical illiteracy can impair medical decision quality and compromise patient safety. Previous studies have documented clinicians’ insufficient proficiency in statistics and a ten...

    Authors: Camille Lakhlifi, François-Xavier Lejeune, Marion Rouault, Mehdi Khamassi and Benjamin Rohaut
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:23
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  45. When an audience member becomes immersed, their attention shifts towards the media and story, and they allocate cognitive resources to represent events and characters. Here, we investigate whether it is possib...

    Authors: Hugo Hammond, Michael Armstrong, Graham A. Thomas and Iain D. Gilchrist
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:22
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  47. Athletic skills acquired through deliberate practice are essential for expert sports performance. Some authors even suggest that practice circumvents the limits of working memory capacity (WMC) in skill acquis...

    Authors: Dragan Glavaš, Mario Pandžić and Dražen Domijan
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:20
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  48. Recent work has shown that perceptual training can be used to improve the performance of novices in real-world visual classification tasks with medical images, but it is unclear which perceptual training metho...

    Authors: Jessica E. Marris, Andrew Perfors, David Mitchell, Wayland Wang, Mark W. McCusker, Timothy John Haynes Lovell, Robert N. Gibson, Frank Gaillard and Piers D. L. Howe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:19
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  49. This study investigated whether increased attention to the central or peripheral visual field can reduce motion sickness in virtual reality (VR). A recent study found that increased attention to the periphery ...

    Authors: Sai Ho Yip and Jeffrey Allen Saunders
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:18
    Content type: Original article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:34

  50. Relating learned information to similar yet new scenarios, transfer of learning, is a key characteristic of expert reasoning in many fields including medicine. Psychological research indicates that transfer of...

    Authors: Signy Sheldon, Carina Fan, Idil Uner and Meredith Young
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:17
    Content type: Original article Published on:
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