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Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
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  1. Misinformation can profoundly impact an individual’s attitudes—sometimes even after the misinformation has been corrected. In two preregistered experiments (N1 = 355, N2 = 725), we investigated whether individual...

    Authors: Fabian Hutmacher, Markus Appel, Benjamin Schätzlein and Christoph Mengelkamp
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:64
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  2. People perform poorly at sighting missing and wanted persons in simulated searches due to attention and face recognition failures. We manipulated participants’ expectations of encountering a target person and ...

    Authors: Kara N. Moore, Blake L. Nesmith, Dara U. Zwemer and Chenxin Yu
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:63
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  3. Two experiments explored the search for pairs of faces in a disjunctive dual-target face search (DDTFS) task for unfamiliar face targets. The distinctiveness of the target was manipulated such that both faces ...

    Authors: Emma Smillie, Natalie Mestry, Dan Clark, Neil Harrison and Nick Donnelly
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:62
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  4. Partially autonomous vehicles can help minimize human errors. However, being free from some driving subtasks can result in a low vigilance state, which can affect the driver’s attention towards the road. The p...

    Authors: Marina Pi-Ruano, Alexandra Fort, Pilar Tejero, Christophe Jallais and Javier Roca
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:61
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  5. The reliability of cognitive demand measures in controlled laboratory settings is well-documented; however, limited research has directly established their stability under real-life and high-stakes conditions,...

    Authors: Monika Lohani, Joel M. Cooper, Amy S. McDonnell, Gus G. Erickson, Trent G. Simmons, Amanda E. Carriero, Kaedyn W. Crabtree and David L. Strayer
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:60
    Content type: Brief report Published on:

  6. Computer Aided Detection (CAD) has been used to help readers find cancers in mammograms. Although these automated systems have been shown to help cancer detection when accurate, the presence of CAD also leads ...

    Authors: Francesca Patterson and Melina A. Kunar
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:59
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  7. With the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in our lives, attention is increasingly turning to the way that humans and AI work together. A key aspect of human–AI collaboration is how people integrate...

    Authors: Jonathon Love, Quentin F. Gronau, Gemma Palmer, Ami Eidels and Scott D. Brown
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:58
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. Humans are often tasked to remember new faces so that they can recognize the faces later in time. Previous studies found that memory reports for basic visual features (e.g., colors and shapes) are susceptible ...

    Authors: Jerrick Teoh, Joseph M. Saito, Yvanna Yeo, Sophia Winter and Keisuke Fukuda
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:57
    Content type: Brief report Published on:

  9. This study addressed the cognitive impacts of providing correct and incorrect machine learning (ML) outputs in support of an object detection task. The study consisted of five experiments that manipulated the ...

    Authors: Laura E. Matzen, Zoe N. Gastelum, Breannan C. Howell, Kristin M. Divis and Mallory C. Stites
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:56
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  10. The efficacy of fake news corrections in improving memory and belief accuracy may depend on how often adults see false information before it is corrected. Two experiments tested the competing predictions that ...

    Authors: Paige L. Kemp, Vanessa M. Loaiza, Colleen M. Kelley and Christopher N. Wahlheim
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:55
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  11. Irrelevant salient distractors can trigger early quitting in visual search, causing observers to miss targets they might otherwise find. Here, we asked whether task-relevant salient cues can produce a similar ...

    Authors: Jeff Moher, Anna Delos Reyes and Trafton Drew
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:54
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. Accuracy of memory is critical in legal and clinical contexts. These contexts are often linked with high levels of emotional distress and social sources that can provide potentially distorting information abou...

    Authors: Prerika R. Sharma, Emily R. Spearing, Kimberley A. Wade and Laura Jobson
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:53
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  13. Misinformation often continues to influence people’s reasoning even after it has been corrected. Therefore, an important aim of applied cognition research is to identify effective measures to counter misinform...

    Authors: Ullrich K. H. Ecker, Toby Prike, Antonia B. Paver, Rosie J. Scott and Briony Swire-Thompson
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:52
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  14. People are inundated with popular press reports about medical research concerning what is healthy, get advice from doctors, and hear personal anecdotes. How do people integrate conflicting anecdotal and statis...

    Authors: Emily N. Line, Sara Jaramillo, Micah Goldwater and Zachary Horne
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:51
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  15. In today’s knowledge economy, it is critical to make decisions based on high-quality evidence. Science-related decision-making is thought to rely on a complex interplay of reasoning skills, cognitive styles, a...

    Authors: Caitlin Dawson, Hanna Julku, Milla Pihlajamäki, Johanna K. Kaakinen, Jonathan W. Schooler and Jaana Simola
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:50
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  18. This paper examines how humans judge the capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) to evaluate human attributes, specifically focusing on two key dimensions of human social evaluation: morality and competen...

    Authors: Manuel Oliveira, Justus Brands, Judith Mashudi, Baptist Liefooghe and Ruud Hortensius
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:47
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  19. Artificial intelligence in the workplace is becoming increasingly common. These tools are sometimes used to aid users in performing their task, for example, when an artificial intelligence tool assists a radio...

    Authors: Brooke N. Macnamara, Ibrahim Berber, M. Cenk Çavuşoğlu, Elizabeth A. Krupinski, Naren Nallapareddy, Noelle E. Nelson, Philip J. Smith, Amy L. Wilson-Delfosse and Soumya Ray
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:46
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  20. Massive studies have explored biological motion (BM) crowds processing for their remarkable social significance, primarily focused on uniformly distributed ones. However, real-world BM crowds often exhibit hie...

    Authors: Wei Chen, Shujuan Ye, Xin Yan and Xiaowei Ding
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:45
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  21. Research in cognitive science has highlighted the effectiveness of several learning techniques, and a number of studies have analyzed their prevalence among university students and their relationship with acad...

    Authors: Héctor Ruiz-Martín, Fernando Blanco and Marta Ferrero
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:44
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  22. The presence of face masks can significantly impact processes related to trait impressions from faces. In the present research, we focused on trait impressions from faces either wearing a mask or not by addres...

    Authors: Matilde Tumino, Luciana Carraro and Luigi Castelli
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:43
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  23. The Useful Field of View task (UFOV) is a strong and reliable predictor of crash risk in older drivers. However, while the functional domain of attention is clearly implicated in UFOV performance, the potentia...

    Authors: Nicholas J. Wyche, Mark Edwards and Stephanie C. Goodhew
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:42
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  24. The human face is commonly used for identity verification. While this task was once exclusively performed by humans, technological advancements have seen automated facial recognition systems (AFRS) integrated ...

    Authors: Daniel J. Carragher, Daniel Sturman and Peter J. B. Hancock
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:41
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  25. Navigation is essential to life, and it is cognitively complex, drawing on abilities such as prospective and situated planning, spatial memory, location recognition, and real-time decision-making. In many case...

    Authors: Crystal Bae, Daniel Montello and Mary Hegarty
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:40
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  26. Among cognitive factors that can influence the endorsement of pseudoscientific beliefs, our study focuses on proneness to false memory generation. In this preregistered study, we presented 170 fluent English s...

    Authors: Naroa Martínez, Itxaso Barberia and Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:39
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  27. Research suggests that discounting of delayed rewards (i.e., tendency to choose smaller immediate rewards over large later rewards) is a promising target of intervention to encourage compliance with public hea...

    Authors: Julia G. Halilova, Samuel Fynes-Clinton, Donna Rose Addis and R. Shayna Rosenbaum
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. We empirically examined the effectiveness of how the Analysis of Competing Hypotheses (ACH) technique structures task information to help reduce confirmation bias (Study 1) and the portrayal of intelligence an...

    Authors: Mandeep K. Dhami, Ian K. Belton, Peter De Werd, Velichka Hadzhieva and Lars Wicke
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:37
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  29. Facial features are important sources of information about perceived trustworthiness. Masks and protective clothing diminish the visibility of facial cues by either partially concealing the mouth and nose or c...

    Authors: Weiping Wang, Zhifan Li, Xin Lin, Yu-Hao P. Sun, Zhe Wang and Yong Wang
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:36
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  30. Multilingual speakers can find speech recognition in everyday environments like restaurants and open-plan offices particularly challenging. In a world where speaking multiple languages is increasingly common, ...

    Authors: Erin D. Smith, Lori L. Holt and Frederic Dick
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:35
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  31. People regularly read multi-line texts in different formats and publishers, internationally, must decide how to present text to make reading most effective and efficient. Relatively few studies have examined m...

    Authors: Mengsi Wang, Donna E. Gill, Jeannie Judge, Chuanli Zang, Xuejun Bai and Simon P. Liversedge
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:34
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. Interactive computer simulations are commonly used as pedagogical tools to support students’ statistical reasoning. This paper examines whether and how these simulations enable their intended effects. We begin...

    Authors: Sebahat Gok and Robert L. Goldstone
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:33
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  33. Drivers must respond promptly to a wide range of possible road hazards, from trucks veering into their lane to pedestrians stepping onto the road. While drivers’ vision is tested at the point of licensure, vis...

    Authors: Silvia Guidi, Anna Kosovicheva and Benjamin Wolfe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:32
    Content type: Brief report Published on:

  34. A crucial bottleneck in medical artificial intelligence (AI) is high-quality labeled medical datasets. In this paper, we test a large variety of wisdom of the crowd algorithms to label medical images that were...

    Authors: Eeshan Hasan, Erik Duhaime and Jennifer S. Trueblood
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:31
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  36. Auditory stimuli that are relevant to a listener have the potential to capture focal attention even when unattended, the listener’s own name being a particularly effective stimulus. We report two experiments t...

    Authors: Simon Y. W. Li, Alan L. F. Lee, Jenny W. S. Chiu, Robert G. Loeb and Penelope M. Sanderson
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:29
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  37. Fake news can have enduring effects on memory and beliefs. An ongoing theoretical debate has investigated whether corrections (fact-checks) should include reminders of fake news. The familiarity backfire accou...

    Authors: Paige L. Kemp, Alyssa H. Sinclair, R. Alison Adcock and Christopher N. Wahlheim
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  38. The .05 boundary within Null Hypothesis Statistical Testing (NHST) “has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move” (to quote Douglas Adams). Here, we move past meta-scientific argu...

    Authors: V. N. Vimal Rao, Jeffrey K. Bye and Sashank Varma
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:27
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  39. Attention allows us to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions. Effective suppression of distracting information is crucial for efficient visual search. Recent studies have developed two para...

    Authors: Matthieu Chidharom and Nancy B. Carlisle
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:26
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  40. The use of face coverings can make communication more difficult by removing access to visual cues as well as affecting the physical transmission of speech sounds. This study aimed to assess the independent and...

    Authors: I. R. Jackson, E. Perugia, M. A. Stone and G. H. Saunders
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:25
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  42. Scrolling is a widely used mean to interact with visual displays, usually to move content to a certain target location on the display. Understanding how user scroll might identify potentially suboptimal use an...

    Authors: Oliver Herbort, Philipp Raßbach and Wilfried Kunde
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:23
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  43. In sport, coaches often explicitly provide athletes with stable contextual information related to opponent action preferences to enhance anticipation performance. This information can be dependent on, or independ...

    Authors: Colm P. Murphy, Oliver R. Runswick, N. Viktor Gredin and David P. Broadbent
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:22
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. The use of partially-automated systems require drivers to supervise the system functioning and resume manual control whenever necessary. Yet literature on vehicle automation show that drivers may spend more ti...

    Authors: Reem Jalal Eddine, Claudio Mulatti and Francesco N. Biondi
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:21
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  45. In service of the goal of examining how cognitive science can facilitate human–computer interactions in complex systems, we explore how cognitive psychology research might help educators better utilize artific...

    Authors: Paul Atchley, Hannah Pannell, Kaelyn Wofford, Michael Hopkins and Ruth Ann Atchley
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:20
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  46. Artificial intelligence is already all around us, and its usage will only increase. Knowing its capabilities is critical. A facial recognition system (FRS) is a tool for law enforcement during suspect searches...

    Authors: Heather Kleider-Offutt, Beth Stevens, Laura Mickes and Stewart Boogert
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:19
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  47. People often fail to notice unexpected stimuli when their attention is directed elsewhere. Most studies of this “inattentional blindness” have been conducted using laboratory tasks with little connection to re...

    Authors: Connor M. Hults, Yifan Ding, Geneva G. Xie, Rishi Raja, William Johnson, Alexis Lee and Daniel J. Simons
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:18
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  48. Previous work has demonstrated similarities and differences between aerial and terrestrial image viewing. Aerial scene categorization, a pivotal visual processing task for gathering geoinformation, heavily dep...

    Authors: Chenxi Jiang, Zhenzhong Chen and Jeremy M. Wolfe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:17
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  49. Given how commonly GPS is now used in everyday navigation, it is surprising how little research has been dedicated to investigating variations in its use and how such variations may relate to navigation abilit...

    Authors: Alexis Topete, Chuanxiuyue He, John Protzko, Jonathan Schooler and Mary Hegarty
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:16
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  50. In any visual search task in the lab or in the world, observers will make errors. Those errors can be categorized as “deterministic”: If you miss this target in this display once, you will definitely miss it a...

    Authors: Aoqi Li, Johan Hulleman and Jeremy M. Wolfe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2024 9:15
    Content type: Original article Published on:
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