Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications is affiliated with The Psychonomic Society
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Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:36
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Correction: The effect of pre-event instructions on eyewitness identification
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:35 -
Correction: Restricting the distribution of visual attention reduces cybersickness
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:34 -
The invisible 800-pound gorilla: expertise can increase inattentional blindness
People can fail to notice objects and events in their visual environment when their attention is engaged elsewhere. This phenomenon is known as inattentional blindness, and its consequences can be costly for i...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:33 -
Performance-linked visual feedback slows response times during a sustained attention task
In the present study, we tested a visual feedback triggering system based on real-time tracking of response time (RT) in a sustained attention task. In our task, at certain points, brief visual feedback epochs...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:32 -
When there is noise on Sherlock Holmes: mind wandering increases with perceptual processing difficulty during reading and listening
We investigated whether increased perceptual processing difficulty during reading or listening to a Sherlock Holmes novella impacts mind wandering as well as text comprehension. We presented 175 participants w...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:31 -
Framing the fallibility of Computer-Aided Detection aids cancer detection
Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) has been proposed to help operators search for cancers in mammograms. Previous studies have found that although accurate CAD leads to an improvement in cancer detection, inaccura...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:30 -
Warning signals only support the first action in a sequence
Acting upon target stimuli from the environment becomes faster when the targets are preceded by a warning (alerting) cue. Accordingly, alerting is often used to support action in safety-critical contexts (e.g....
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:29 -
Online Contingent Attention Training (OCAT): transfer effects to cognitive biases, rumination, and anxiety symptoms from two proof-of-principle studies
The aim of the present research was to develop and test the efficacy of a novel online contingent attention training (i.e., OCAT) to modify attention and interpretation biases, improve emotion regulation, and ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:28 -
How essentialist reasoning about language acquisition relates to educational myths and policy endorsements
How people conceptualize learning is related to real-world educational consequences across many domains of education. Despite its centrality to the educational system, we know little about how the public reaso...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:27 -
Cueing natural event boundaries improves memory in people with post-traumatic stress disorder
People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often report difficulty remembering information in their everyday lives. Recent findings suggest that such difficulties may be due to PTSD-related deficits in ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:26 -
Are there placebo or nocebo effects in balancing performance?
Placebo and nocebo effects could influence the perceived, actual, or both postural stabilities. Therefore, this experiment examined whether postural stability is susceptible to placebo and nocebo effects. Driv...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:25 -
Face coverings: Considering the implications for face perception and speech communication
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:24 -
Illusion of knowledge in statistics among clinicians: evaluating the alignment between objective accuracy and subjective confidence, an online survey
Healthcare professionals’ statistical illiteracy can impair medical decision quality and compromise patient safety. Previous studies have documented clinicians’ insufficient proficiency in statistics and a ten...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:23 -
Audience immersion: validating attentional and physiological measures against self-report
When an audience member becomes immersed, their attention shifts towards the media and story, and they allocate cognitive resources to represent events and characters. Here, we investigate whether it is possib...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:22 -
When less is not more: the effect of transparent masks on facial attractiveness judgment
During the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks have been widely used in daily life. Previous studies have suggested that faces wearing typical masks that occlude the lower half of the face are perceived as more attr...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:21 -
The role of working memory capacity in soccer tactical decision making at different levels of expertise
Athletic skills acquired through deliberate practice are essential for expert sports performance. Some authors even suggest that practice circumvents the limits of working memory capacity (WMC) in skill acquis...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:20 -
Evaluating the effectiveness of different perceptual training methods in a difficult visual discrimination task with ultrasound images
Recent work has shown that perceptual training can be used to improve the performance of novices in real-world visual classification tasks with medical images, but it is unclear which perceptual training metho...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:19 -
Restricting the distribution of visual attention reduces cybersickness
This study investigated whether increased attention to the central or peripheral visual field can reduce motion sickness in virtual reality (VR). A recent study found that increased attention to the periphery ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:18 -
Learning strategy impacts medical diagnostic reasoning in early learners
Relating learned information to similar yet new scenarios, transfer of learning, is a key characteristic of expert reasoning in many fields including medicine. Psychological research indicates that transfer of...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:17 -
The effect of pre-event instructions on eyewitness identification
Research on eyewitness identification often involves exposing participants to a simulated crime and later testing memory using a lineup. We conducted a systematic review showing that pre-event instructions, in...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:16 -
The association between metamemory, subjective memory complaints, mood, and well-being: the Hungarian validation of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire
The current study addressed the relationship between subjective memory complaints and negative affect, well-being, and demographic variables by investigating the Hungarian version of Multifactorial Memory Ques...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:15 -
Shifting students toward testing: impact of instruction and context on self-regulated learning
Much of the learning that college students engage in today occurs in unsupervised settings, making effective self-regulated learning techniques of particular importance. We examined the impact of task difficul...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:14 -
The challenge of cognitive science for medical diagnosis
The historical tendency to view medicine as both an art and a science may have contributed to a disinclination among clinicians towards cognitive science. In particular, this has had an impact on the approach ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:13 -
Red and blue states: dichotomized maps mislead and reduce perceived voting influence
In the United States the color red has come to represent the Republican party, and blue the Democratic party, in maps of voting patterns. Here we test the hypothesis that voting maps dichotomized into red and ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:11 -
Take a load off: examining partial and complete cognitive offloading of medication information
Although cognitive offloading, or the use of physical action to reduce internal cognitive demands, is a commonly used strategy in everyday life, relatively little is known about the conditions that encourage o...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:12 -
Multiple expressions of “expert” abnormality gist in novices following perceptual learning
With a brief half-second presentation, a medical expert can determine at above chance levels whether a medical scan she sees is abnormal based on a first impression arising from an initial global image process...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:10 -
Object recognition ability predicts category learning with medical images
We investigated the relationship between category learning and domain-general object recognition ability (o). We assessed this relationship in a radiological context, using a category learning test in which parti...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:9 -
Expensive seems better: The price of a non-effective drug modulates its perceived efficacy
Previous studies have shown that the price of a given product impacts the perceived quality of such product. This finding was also observed in medical contexts, showing that expensive drugs increase the placeb...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:8 -
The role of implicit social bias on holistic processing of out-group faces
Although faces of in-group members are generally thought to be processed holistically, there are mixed findings on whether holistic processing remains robust for faces of out-group members and what factors con...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:7 -
Children’s memory “in the wild”: examining the temporal organization of free recall from a week-long camp at a local zoo
Free-recall paradigms have greatly influenced our understanding of memory. The majority of this research involves laboratory-based events (e.g., word lists) that are studied and tested within minutes. This lit...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:6 -
The influence of in-groups and out-groups on the theory-of-mind processing: evidence from different ethnic college students
According to previous studies of theory of mind (ToM), social environment and cultural background affect individuals’ cognitive ability to understand other people’s minds. There are cross-group differences in ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:5 -
A value accumulation account of unhealthy food choices: testing the influence of outcome salience under varying time constraints
People often engage in unhealthy eating despite having an explicit goal to follow a healthy diet, especially under certain conditions such as a lack of time. A promising explanation from the value accumulation...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:4 -
Using global feedback to induce learning of gist of abnormality in mammograms
Extraction of global structural regularities provides general ‘gist’ of our everyday visual environment as it does the gist of abnormality for medical experts reviewing medical images. We investigated whether ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:3 -
Ecological validity of don’t remember and don’t know for distinguishing accessibility- versus availability-based retrieval failures in older and younger adults: knowledge for news events
With pursuit of incremental progress and generalizability of findings in mind, we examined a possible boundary for older and younger adults’ metacognitive distinction between what is not stored in memory versu...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:2 -
Hip fracture or not? The reversed prevalence effect among non-experts’ diagnosis
Despite numerous investigations of the prevalence effect on medical image perception, little research has been done to examine the effect of expertise, and its possible interaction with prevalence. In this stu...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2023 8:1 -
On the proposed role of metacognition in environment learning: recommendations for research
Metacognition plays a role in environment learning (EL). When navigating, we monitor environment information to judge our likelihood to remember our way, and we engage in control by using tools to prevent gett...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:104 -
Influences of early diagnostic suggestions on clinical reasoning
Previous research has highlighted the importance of physicians’ early hypotheses for their subsequent diagnostic decisions. It has also been shown that diagnostic accuracy improves when physicians are presente...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:103 -
Distinctive Sans Forgetica font does not benefit memory accuracy in the DRM paradigm
A common method used by memory scholars to enhance retention is to make materials more challenging to learn—a benefit termed desirable difficulties. Recently, researchers have investigated the efficacy of Sans...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:102 -
Elementary math in elementary school: the effect of interference on learning the multiplication table
Memorizing the multiplication table is a major challenge for elementary school students: there are many facts to memorize, and they are often similar to each other, which creates interference in memory. Here, ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:101 -
On intersectionality: visualizing the invisibility of Black women
Intersectionality refers to the simultaneous and interacting effects of multiple group categorization on individuals with minoritized status, often leading to being perceived in a manner inconsistent with the ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:100 -
Spotting lesions in thorax X-rays at a glance: holistic processing in radiology
Radiologists often need only a glance to grasp the essence of complex medical images. Here, we use paradigms and manipulations from perceptual learning and expertise fields to elicit mechanisms and limits of h...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:99 -
Individual differences in naturally occurring affect predict conceptual breadth: evidence for the importance of arousal by valence interactions
Several studies have investigated the effect of induced mood state on conceptual breadth (breadth and flexibility of thought). Early studies concluded that inducing a positive mood state broadened cognition, w...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:98 -
Mask-wearing selectivity alters observers’ face perception
Face masks became prevalent across the globe as an efficient tool to stop the spread of COVID-19. A host of studies already demonstrated that masks lead to changes in facial identification and emotional expres...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:97 -
Correction: Typing expertise in a large student population
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:96 -
Using objective measures to examine the effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification performance
When selecting fillers to include in a police lineup, one must consider the level of similarity between the suspect and potential fillers. In order to reduce misidentifications, an innocent suspect should not ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:95 -
Corneal reflections and skin contrast yield better memory of human and virtual faces
Virtual faces have been found to be rated less human-like and remembered worse than photographic images of humans. What it is in virtual faces that yields reduced memory has so far remained unclear. The curren...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:94 -
The influence of context representations on cognitive control states
Cognitive control operates via two distinct mechanisms, proactive and reactive control. These control states are engaged differentially, depending on a number of within-subject factors, but also between-group ...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:93 -
Verifying unfamiliar identities: Effects of processing name and face information in the same identity-matching task
Matching the identity of unfamiliar faces is important in applied identity verification tasks, for example when verifying photo ID at border crossings, in secure access areas, or when issuing identity credenti...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:92 -
Face masks affect emotion categorisation, age estimation, recognition, and gender classification from faces
Although putting on a mask over our nose and mouth is a simple but powerful way to protect ourselves and others during a pandemic, face masks may interfere with how we perceive and recognize one another, and h...
Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2022 7:91
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