Factor | Total sample | Study | ‘Endorsers’ | ‘Non-endorsers’ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||||
Endorsement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 N | 873 | 106 | 116 | 54 | 96 | 138 | 326 | 37 | – | – |
 % ‘Endorsers’ | 14.3 | 15.1 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 20.8 | 9.4 | 15.3 | 18.9 | – | – |
 % ‘Non-endorsers’ | 71.1 | 75.5 | 76.7 | 79.6 | 63.5 | 71.7 | 69.3 | 62.2 | – | – |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 n | 746 | 96 | 102 | 49 | 81 | 112 | 276 | 30 | 125 | 621 |
 Mean | 37.2 | 37.0 | 36.0 | 36.6 | 37.8 | 35.0 | 40.3 | 21.3 | 40.1 | 36.7 |
 SD | 11.7 | 11.6 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 12.0 | 8.9 | 12.3 | 3.4 | 12.8 | 11.4 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 n | 746 | 96 | 102 | 49 | 81 | 112 | 276 | 30 | 125 | 621 |
 % Female | 44.1 | 49.0 | 51.0 | 40.8 | 43.2 | 37.5 | 40.6 | 70.0 | 42.4 | 44.4 |
 % Male | 55.2 | 51.0 | 47.1 | 59.2 | 56.8 | 62.5 | 59.1 | 23.3 | 57.6 | 54.8 |
 % Gender diverse | 0.7 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
Highest level of education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 n | 716 | 96 | 102 | 49 | 81 | 112 | 276 | 0 | 118 | 598 |
 % Less than high/secondary | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.0 | 0.5 |
 % High/secondary school | 23.5 | 25.0 | 20.6 | 22.4 | 19.8 | 28.6 | 23.2 | – | 26.3 | 22.9 |
 % Trade qualification | 6.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 6.9 | – | 11.9 | 5.0 |
 % College/university | 53.8 | 57.3 | 51.0 | 63.3 | 49.4 | 51.8 | 54.0 | – | 44.9 | 55.5 |
 % Masters degree | 13.4 | 11.5 | 22.5 | 8.2 | 16.0 | 8.9 | 12.7 | – | 13.6 | 13.4 |
 % Doctoral degree | 0.8 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | – | 0.8 | 0.8 |
% Professional qualification | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 4.9 | 0.9 | 2.5 | – | 2.5 | 1.8 |
Ethnic/cultural identity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 n | 746 | 96 | 102 | 49 | 81 | 112 | 276 | 30 | 125 | 621 |
 % White/Caucasian | 76.3 | 79.2 | 80.4 | 69.4 | 72.8 | 71.4 | 80.8 | 50.0 | 79.2 | 75.7 |
 % African-American | 9.1 | 5.2 | 7.8 | 6.1 | 11.1 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 6.7 | 10.4 | 8.9 |
 % Hispanic | 5.4 | 2.1 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 36.7 | 4.8 | 5.5 |
 % Asian | 7.0 | 10.4 | 4.9 | 16.3 | 6.2 | 10.7 | 4.3 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 7.9 |
 % Native American | 0.8 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
 % Pacific Islander | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
 % Other | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.1 |