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Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications

Table 5 Mechanism of change—phonatory measures played through a mannequin

From: Speaking with a KN95 face mask: a within-subjects study on speaker adaptation and strategies to improve intelligibility

 

Masked Human

Masked Mannequin

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Low frequencies (dB)

76.23

4.13

74.26

4.90

High frequencies (dB)

42.23

6.76

30.74

4.55

Low/high ratio (dB)

34.00

4.62

43.52

4.35

Duration (s)

19.63

9.32

20.33

9.78

F0 (Hz)

189.26

43.73

185.10

45.13

Shimmer (%)

0.04

0.01

0.04

0.02

Jitter (%)

0.006

0.001

0.005

0.004

HNR (dB)

21.69

4.29

20.92

3.13

  1. Descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation (SD) for phonatory measures produced by humans and played through the mannequin. Low frequencies: 80 Hz–4 kHz; high frequencies: 4–10 kHz
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