Fig. 4
From: Evidence for improved memory from 5 minutes of immediate, post-encoding exercise among women
Means and 95% confidence intervals for each experiment indicating how many more paired associations were correctly recalled among female and male participants when the post-learning activity was exercise, relative to the non-exercise post-learning activity. For experiment 3, error bars reflect a repeated measures design, whereas those for the other experiments reflect independent measures designs. A meta-analysis across these experiments indicated that, among the female participants and with 95% confidence, 5 minutes of post-learning exercise increased memory for paired association by 0.40 to 4.63 items