From: Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork
Liking | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
---|---|---|---|
Fixed effects [95% CI] | |||
(Intercept) | 2.38 [2.17, 2.60] | 0.55 [0.38, 0.71] | 0.57 [0.41, 0.73] |
Label (Human = 1) | 0.24 [0.15, 0.32] | − 0.26 [− 0.45, − 0.07] | − 0.28 [− 0.43, − 0.13] |
Painting Type (Representational = 1) | 0.75 [0.48, 1.01] | 0.28 [0.13, 0.44] | 0.28 [0.13, 0.44] |
Openness | 0.01 [− 0.01, 0.03] | 0.01 [− 0.00, 0.03] | – |
Positive AI | 0.03 [0.01, 0.04] | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | – |
Negative AI | 0.01 [− 0.01, 0.03] | 0.01 [− 0.00, 0.02] | – |
Growth | 0.06 [0.01, 0.11] | 0.01 [− 0.03, 0.04] | – |
Fixed | 0.06 [0.02, 0.09] | 0.02 [− 0.01, 0.04] | – |
Empathy | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.02] | − 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | – |
CRT | − 0.04 [− 0.09, 0.01] | 0.01 [− 0.03, 0.04] | – |
Age | − 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | − 0.01 [− 0.01, 0.00] | – |
Emotion | – | 0.34 [0.29, 0.39] | 0.32 [0.29, 0.36] |
Story | – | 0.23 [0.19, 0.27] | 0.23 [0.19, 0.27] |
Meaningful | – | 0.20 [0.14, 0.25] | 0.24 [0.20, 0.27] |
Effort | – | 0.11 [0.06, 0.15] | 0.11 [0.07, 0.15] |
Time (log) | – | 0.01 [− 0.00, 0.03] | – |
Label × Openness | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.02] | − 0.01 [− 0.02, 0.00] | – |
Label × Positive AI | − 0.02 [− 0.03, − 0.00] | − 0.01 [− 0.01, 0.00] | – |
Label × Negative AI | − 0.01 [− 0.02, 0.01] | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | – |
Label × Growth | 0.03 [− 0.01, 0.07] | 0.01 [− 0.02, 0.04] | – |
Label × Fixed | 0.01 [− 0.02, 0.04] | 0.01 [− 0.01, 0.03] | – |
Label × Empathy | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | – |
Label × CRT | − 0.03 [− 0.06, 0.01] | 0.00 [− 0.03, 0.03] | – |
Label × Age | − 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.01] | − 0.00 [− 0.01, 0.00] | – |
Label × Emotion | – | − 0.04 [− 0.10, 0.03] | – |
Label × Story | – | − 0.10 [− 0.15, − 0.04] | − 0.09 [− 0.14, − 0.05] |
Label × Meaningful | – | 0.06 [− 0.00, 0.13] | – |
Label × Effort | – | 0.12 [0.06, 0.18] | 0.12 [0.07, 0.17] |
Label × Time (log) | – | − 0.01 [− 0.04, 0.01] | – |
Random effects | |||
Participant (Intercept) | 0.44 | 0.19 | 0.21 |
Label (Slope) | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
Painting (Intercept) | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Residual | 0.95 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
Model | |||
Marginal | 0.16 | 0.59 | 0.58 |
ICC | 0.37 | 0.30 | 0.32 |
Conditional | 0.47 | 0.72 | 0.71 |
AIC | 12,819.13 | 10,300.48 | 10,126.86 |