Fig. 2

Depiction of SDT. New and Old items fall in two separate distributions of strength values. Tested items that fall above the criterion value (c) will be labeled “Old” and those that fall below c will be labeled “New.” The top panel indicates a situation in which Old items have been encoded weakly, indicated by the large degree of overlap of the New and Old distributions. The bottom panel indicates a situation in which Old items have been encoded strongly and the distributions have separated further