Fig. 2

Cognitive steps of word production in novice and expert typists. Experimental variables manipulated and their hypothesized locus are depicted in bold italics. Within this framework, our main assumption is that factors of the typed material that target the motor structure of the sequences of keystrokes should impact differently the performance of the most and least proficient typists of the sample, whereas factors that affect earlier stages of language production should have a similar effect on the performance of both groups of typists. Word frequency and word length should modulate reaction times; bigram frequency, transition type, and keystroke position should modulate IKIs, and bigram frequency should modulate reaction times only in the copying task. Figure freely adapted from Alario et al., (2004), Bonin et al. (2003), and Logan and Crump (2011)