Fig. 3

Reaction time results. Each individual dot represents one participant’s median reaction time for that condition, and bars represent the group mean within the corresponding condition. Mean reaction time in the absence of a cue was 542 ms (magenta bar); invalid spatiotemporal cue (cyan bar) was 600 ms (+ 58 ms vs no cue), valid spatiotemporal cue (navy bar) was 479 ms (− 63 ms) and temporal cue only (violet bar) was 481 ms (− 61 ms). A single asterisk represents p values < 0.05; three asterisks represent p values < .0001. Error bars are standard error of the mean