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Table 1 Ways to chunk visually presented information. Letter identities can represent different colors, shapes, atomic identities, or any other property

From: Visual chunking as a strategy for spatial thinking in STEM

String 1

M Z K

3 units

Not compressible

String 2

M K K

3 units

Compressible to 2 units via domain-general redundancy

String 3

M ZK

3 units

Potentially compressible to 2 units via spatial grouping, although this grouping does not necessarily help memory performance if no memory association exists between the letters

String 4

M OK

3 units

Compressible to 2 units via spatial grouping and semantic link between O and K available to experts through expert chunking

String 5

M KK

3 units

Compressible to 2 units via domain-general redundancy and spatial grouping