Fig. 5

Schematic summary of the training and testing procedures across conditions 1–3. In the high-level-only response mode, participants classified each item into either the igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary high-level categories. In the two-stage high-level/subtype-level mode, participants first made the high-level response, followed by a subtype-level response from among the subtypes that were members of the chosen high-level category