From: A comparison of the effectiveness of two types of deceit detection training methods in older adults
Category | Criterion | Description for present research |
---|---|---|
General characteristics | 1. Logical structure | True accounts have an inner coherence and consistency (Undeutsch, 1984) |
2. Quantity of details | Abundant detail is impossible to fake (e.g., detailed description of the place). Do not count repetitions of the same details | |
Specific contents | 3. Contextual embedding | Real incidents occur within the everyday relationships and happenings of life |
4. Descriptions of interactions | Describing interactions is a sign of credibility | |
5. Reproduction of conversation | Dialogue of speakers is reported | |
6. Unexpected complications during the incident | Surprising problems happen in real life | |
Peculiarities of content | 7. Unusual details | Odd details are a sign of credibility |
8. Superfluous details | When someone lies they don’t think of inventing irrelevant details, but these are often told in true accounts | |
9. Accounts of subjective mental state | Reports of feelings or cognitions during the event indicate credibility | |
10. Attribution of perpetrator’s mental state | Reporting the affective reactions and thoughts of others is a sign of credibility | |
Motivation-related contents | 11. Spontaneous corrections | Liars do not correct their statements |
12. Admitting lack of memory | Liars do not admit to lack of memory | |
13. Raising doubts about one’s own testimony | Liars do not raise doubts about their own testimony | |
14. Self-deprecation | Liars are confident |