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Table 4 Model parameters for additional items

From: Teachers’ gestures and students’ learning: sometimes “hands off” is better

Fixed effects

Estimate

SE

z value

p

 Intercept

0.57

0.30

1.87

0.06

 Pretest

2.27

0.68

3.33

< .001

Random effects

Variance

SD

  

 Participant

5.11

2.26

  
  1. Posttest ~ Pretest + (1|participant). SE standard error, SD standard deviation