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Table 1 Means (and standard deviations) of percentage heart rate increase following exercise and non-exercise activities, as well as bivariate correlations between percentage heart rate increase and memory performance, for women, men, and combined

From: Evidence for improved memory from 5 minutes of immediate, post-encoding exercise among women

 

Women

Men

Combined

Experiment 1

 Post-learning activity

  Exercise

   Mean HR change

32% (22%)

21% (24%)

27% (23%)

   Correlation with memory

r(8) = 0.05

r(7) = −0.10

r(17) = 0.04

p = 0.88

p = 0.80

p = 0.86

  Non-exercise

   Mean HR change

9% (14%)

4% (11%)

6% (13%)

   Correlation with memory

r(8) = 0.09

r(7) = 0.01

r(17) = −0.07

p = 0.82

p = 0.98

p = 0.79

  Collapsed across activity

   Mean HR change

21% (21%)

12% (20%)

16% (21%)

   Correlation with memory

r(18) = 0.44

r(16) = −0.02

r(36) = 0.21

p = 0.05

p = 0.93

p = 0.20

 Pre-learning activity

  Exercise

   Mean HR change

40% (18%)

25% (18%)

32% (19%)

   Correlation with memory

r(7) = −0.29

r(7) = 0.28

r(16) = 0.03

p = 0.46

p = 0.47

p = 0.92

  Non-exercise

   Mean HR change

9% (14%)

5% (11%)

7% (12%)

   Correlation with memory

r(7) = −0.13

r(7) = −0.41

r(16) = −0.19

p = 0.74

p = 0.28

p = 0.44

  Collapsed across activity

   Mean HR change

24% (22%)

15% (18%)

20% (20%)

   Correlation with memory

r(16) = −0.36

r(16) = 0.001

r(34) = −0.17

p = 0.14

p > 0.99

p = 0.32

Experiment 3

  Exercise

   Mean HR change

51% (30%)

52% (27%)

52% (29%)

   Correlation with memory

r(33) = 0.29

r(22) = −0.01

r(57) = 0.19

p = 0.096

p = 0.96

p = 0.16

  Non-exercise

   Mean HR change

10% (22%)

11% (16%)

10% (20%)

   Correlation with memory

r(35) = 0.19

r(18) = −0.43

r(55) = −0.01

p = 0.25

p = 0.057

p = 0.96

Experiment 4

  Exercise

   Mean HR change

44% (22%)

24% (30%)

40% (25%)

   Correlation with memory

r(27) = 0.03

r(6) = −0.48

r(35) = −0.02

p = 0.86

p = 0.23

p = 0.92

  Non-exercise

   Mean HR change

5% (12%)

7% (19%)

6% (14%)

   Correlation with memory

r(27) = 0.17

r(7) = 0.14

r(36) = 0.16

p = 0.38

p = 0.71

p = 0.35

  Collapsed across activity

   Mean HR change

25% (26%)

15% (26%)

22% (26%)

   Correlation with memory

r(56) = 0.16

r(15) = −0.17

r(73) = 0.10

p = 0.22

p = 0.51

p = 0.38

  1. Correlation statistics did not substantively change when mood self-reports of change in valence and arousal were partialled out. Experiment 3 involved repeated measures, rendering observations in the exercise and non-exercise conditions non-independent of each other; thus, we do not collapse across activity for this experiment. HR heart rate