Fig. 4

Visualization of the difference between younger and older participants’ performance in the degradation conditions. The red arrow in all three panels indicates a labeled button the driver might need to read at a glance in order to know where to tap on the screen. a Image of an in-vehicle interface (Ford Sync), without degradation. b Image from (a) with 1.48 arcmin blur applied, assuming a viewing distance of 70 cm, per the results of our experiments. c Image from (a) with 11.5% noise contrast added. Note that while the button remains relatively distinct, the text becomes somewhat harder to read with blur and noise, respectively