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Fig. 1 | Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications

Fig. 1

From: Eye spy a liar: assessing the utility of eye fixations and confidence judgments for detecting concealed recognition of faces, scenes and objects

Fig. 1

An example of one full trial sequence. The trial commenced with a drift correction followed by a photograph for recognition (the picture depicted here is a personally familiar place, the city guildhall), followed by a confidence scale (0–100%). In one block, the participant was instructed to conceal knowledge of the personally familiar place by pressing a button assigned to the ‘unfamiliar’ response whilst concurrently saying ‘unfamiliar’ out loud. In the same block, following a similar procedure, participants honestly identified photographs of newly learned items (pressed and said ‘familiar’) and correctly rejected unfamiliar items (pressed and said ‘unfamiliar’) . In the other block, the participant was instructed to honestly identify this personally familiar place by pressing a button assigned to the ‘familiar’ response whilst concurrently saying ‘familiar’ out loud. In that block, participants denied recognition of newly learned items and correctly rejected unfamiliar items. Following the recognition judgment, participants were asked to report how confident they were in their recognition judgment. The instruction for recognition and confidence judgments was that they should try to appear honest even when they were lying. Photographs for recognition were presented randomly to the left (292, 292) or the right side (704, 292) of the drift correction dot. Confidence scales were presented randomly at either the top or the bottom of the screen

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