Fig. 15From: Introducing hat graphsBias in estimated effect size was calculated as a percent overestimation score. Positive values indicate a bias toward overestimation, and negative values indicate a bias toward underestimation. A score of 0 indicates no bias. Data are plotted for each participant, and participant is ordered based on design (blocked or intermixed) and then from largest to smallest bias with the bar graph. The brim corresponds to the hat graphs, and the edge of the crown corresponds to the bar graphsBack to article page