Table 2 Mean scores on content pretests and content posttests (multiple choice components (MC), short answer components (SA), and overall content scores (OC)) by group (control vs. experimental (Betty)) for Experiments 1–3
MC Pre | MC Post | SA Pre | SA Post | OC Pre | OC Post | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Experiment 1 | ||||||
Control (N = 51) | 15.30 (5.95) | 16.81 (7.54) | 1.46 (1.45) | 1.72 (1.62) | 0.04 (.81) | − 0.02 (.86) |
Betty (N = 57) | 15.11 (5.71) | 17.60 (6.49) | 1.20 (1.54) | 1.51 (1.51) | − 0.05 (.78) | 0.02 (.79) |
Experiment 2 | ||||||
Control (N = 39) | 5.51 (2.20) | 6.63 (2.47) | 2.37 (1.55) | 2.08 (1.86) | − 0.14 (.67) | − 0.27 (.77) |
Betty (N = 97) | 6.77 (2.51) | 7.82 (2.77) | 2.92 (2.07) | 3.07 (2.32) | 0.02 (.94) | 0.07 (.91) |
Experiment 3 | ||||||
Betty (N = 75) | 5.28 (2.23) | 6.68 (2.21) | 3.16 (2.18) | 4.62 (2.87) | 0.00 (.84) | 0.00 (.90) |