Fig. 2
From: Color inference in visual communication: the meaning of colors in recycling

Bipartite graphs illustrating color-object assignments. a In encoding, the designer determines optimal assignments between colors and objects, given the merit scores. Here, there are more colors than objects. Black edges represent assigned color-object pairs and gray edges represent unassigned color-object pairs. b In decoding, observers try to infer how the designer encoded color-object assignments. Dashed black edges represent inferred assignments that match the encoded assignments