From: Remembering that big things sound big: Sound symbolism and associative memory
Large nonwords | Small nonwords | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p value | |
Number of vowels | 1.76 | 0.62 | 2.10 | 0.79 | 0.02 |
Proportion “large” vowels | 0.85 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.16 | <0.001 |
Proportion “small” vowels | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.54 | 0.36 | <0.001 |
Number of consonants | 2.88 | 0.66 | 2.60 | 0.70 | 0.04 |
Total voiced consonants | 0.63 | 0.29 | 0.62 | 0.29 | 0.86 |
Total unvoiced consonants | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.86 |
Total plosives | 0.53 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.24 | <0.001 |
Total fricatives | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.45 | 0.31 | <0.001 |
Total affricates | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 |
Total nasals | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.20 |
Total approximants | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.11 |
Total consonant clusters | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
Total vowel clusters | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.47 |
Onset position voiced consonants | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.03 |
Onset position unvoiced consonants | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.38 |
Onset position plosives | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.08 | 0.27 | <0.001 |
Onset position fricatives | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.34 | 0.48 | 0.12 |
Onset position affricates | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.08 | |
Onset position nasals | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.06 | 0.24 | >0.99 |
Onset position approximants | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.04 | |
Onset position consonant clusters | 0.36 | 0.49 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.08 |
Onset position vowel clusters | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a. |